Snort® Network Intrusion Detection System

Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) Security - Module V

• Snort® NIDS - Installation
  • Peruse the LinuxCBT Security Edition classroom network topology
  • Download Snort
  • Import G/PGP public key and verify package integrity
  • Identify & download key Snort dependencies
  • Install current libpcap - Packet Capture Library
  • Establish security configuration baseline
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• Snort NIDS - Sniffer Mode
  • Discuss sniffer mode concepts & applications
  • Sniff IP packet headers - layer-3/4
  • Sniff data-link headers - layer-2
  • Sniff application payload - layer-7
  • Sniff application/ip packet headers/data-link headers - all layers except physical
  • Examine packets & packet loss
  • Sniff traffic traversing interesting interfaces
  • Sniff clear-text traffic
  • Sniff encrypted streams
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• Snort® NIDS - Logging Mode
  • Discuss logging mode concepts & applications
  • Log traffic using default PCAP/TCPDump format
  • Log traffic using ASCII mode & examine output
  • Discuss directory structure created by ASCII logging mode
  • Control verbosity of ASCII logging mode & examine output
  • Enhance packet logging analysis by defaulting to binary logging
  • Discuss default nomenclature for binary/TCPDump files
  • Alter binary output options
  • Use Snort NIDS to read binary/TCPDump files
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• Snort® NIDS - Berkeley Packet Filters (BPFs)
  • Explain the advantages to utilizing BPFs
  • Discuss BPF directional, type, and protocol qualifiers
  • Identify clear-text based network applications and define appropriate BPFs
  • Execute Snort NIDS in sniffer mode with BPFs enabled to match interesting traffic
  • Log to the active pseudo-terminal console and examine the packet flows
  • Combine BPF qualifiers to increase packet-matching capabilities
  • Use logical operators to define more flexible BPFs
  • Read binary TCPDump files using Snort & BPFs
  • Execute Snort NIDS in logging/daemon mode
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• Snort® NIDS - Cisco Switch Configuration
  • Examine the current network configuration
  • Identify Snort NIDS sensors and centralized DBMS Server
  • Create multiple VLANs on the Cisco Switch
  • Secure the Cisco Switch configuration
  • Isolate internal and external hosts, sensors and DBMS systems
  • Configure SPAN - Port Mirroring for internal and external Snort NIDS Sensors
  • Examine internal and external packet flows
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• Snort® NIDS - Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) Mode
  • Discuss NIDS concepts & applications
  • Prepare /etc/snort - configuration directory for NIDS operation
  • Explore the snort.conf NIDS configuration file
  • Discuss all snort.conf sections
  • Download & install community rules
  • Execute Snort in NIDS mode with TCPDump compliant output plugin
  • Download & install Snort Vulnerability Research Team (VRT) rules
  • Compare & contrast community rules to VRT rules
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• Snort® NIDS - Output Plugin - Barnyard Configuration
  • Discuss features & benefits
  • Configure Syslog based logging and examine results
  • Configure Snort to log sequentially to multiple output locations
  • Implement unified binary output logging to enhance performance
  • Discuss concepts & features associated with post-processing Snort logs
  • Download and install current barnyard post-processor
  • Use barnyard to post-process logs to multiple output destinations
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• Snort NIDS® - BASE - MySQL® Implementation
  • Discuss benefits of centralized console reporting for 1 or more Snort sensors
  • Re-compile Snort on both sensors to support MySQL logging
  • Configure MySQL on Database Management System (DBMS) Host
  • Implement Snort database schema on DBMS Host
  • Configure Snort to log output to MySQL DBMS Host
  • Confirm output logging to the MySQL DBMS Host
  • Prepare DBMS Host for BASE console installation
  • Install BASE and complete schema extension
  • Peruse BASE interface
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• Snort® NIDS - Rules Configuration & Updates
  • Discuss the concept of rules as related to Snort NIDS
  • Examine Snort rule syntax
  • Peruse pre-defined Snort rules
  • Download & configure oinkmaster to automatically update Snort rules
  • Confirm oinkmaster operation
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• Snort® NIDS - Ubuntu Installation
  • Identify components
  • Install requisite libraries and helper applicaitons
  • Compile and debug as needed
  • Examine footprint
  • Discuss results
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Sums

• Various Tools
• Remote Confirmations
• File Metadata
• File Fragments
• Compress Content
• Archive Content
• DIR Hierarchy
• Password Sums
• Shared Secret
• Restrict History
• Downloaded Content
• Encrypt Content
• Site Credentials
• Site COOKIE
• Site COOKIE - Unique

CentOS9x Stream Administration

• Initial Environment
• ls, pwd, cd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, rmdir, whoami
• alias, cat, file, chmod, chown, history
• STD(IN|OUT), Pipes, Redirection, Command Chaining
• ps, df, top, free
• Pagers, W-Commands
• Checksums
• Awk | Sed | Grep Usage
• BASH SHELL Environment
• Compression | Archival Tools
• SSH Equivalence
• SHELL Quoting
• Propagate Environment
• Secure Clients

• Identify Standard File Types
• Standard File Permissions
• Symbolic Links
• Transfer Permissions

• Identify SWAP environment
• Provision dedicated SWAP partitions
• Add | Remove SWAP from pool as needed
• Provision File System-based SWAP
• SWAP Share
• SWAP Persistence
• Identify default storage configuration
• Provision new storage as needed
• XFS - File System
• XFS - Grow File System
• Identify LVM defaults
• Add new partitions to LVM management
• Allocate storage to LVM Volume Groups
• Create Logical Volumes (LVs) as needed
• Overlay File System and mount where applicables
• LVM - Resize
• LVM - Mixed FS
• LVM - SWAP

• Features
• Install
• Defaults
• General Usage
• Update Accounts

• Defaults
• Shared PASS Gen
• Unique PASS Gen
• Encrypted PASS Gen
• Update Accounts
• Groups

• Discuss features | limitations
• Identify default system-wide schedule
• Peruse various default Cron Jobs
• Schedule simple job and monitor recurrence
• Evaluate results

• Peruse Default CONF
• Discuss Syslog Rules
• Explore Log Rotate defaults
• Ensure rotated logs are compressed
• Extend default retention scheme
• Force Log Rotation as needed

• Explore Default environment
• Install PKGs
• Dump important metadata from packages
• Apply Updates

• Default CONF
• Add | Confirm IPs as needed

• Install
• Copy Configuration
• SELinux - Confirm
• TLS | SSL Services
• cURL Client Tests
• Virtual Hosts
• ENC Sites Only

• SFTP Only USER
• SFTP Only USER - NOLOGIN
• SFTP Only Group - Control
• NMap Intro

SysLOG with rSysLogD

• Discuss Features
• Default Environment
• Kernel Firewall LOG
• Split LOGs by Priorities
• UDP | TCP Logging
• Dual L4 Logging
• Multiple Hosts
• Basic Queueing
• Reliable Event Logging Protocol (RELP)
• RELP - Remote Only
• RELP Only
• Traditional to RELP
• SysLOG Clear-Text - Confirm
• Property Filters
• Expression Filters
• Relay Chain

Netfilter Tables

• Features
• SSHGuard
• Ruleset Basics
• Persistence
• Sample Rules
• Inbound Filtering
• Dormant Table
• Manage Tables | Chains | Rules
• Counters
• Sets
• LOG Basics
• LOG with Sets
• Closed-Port LOGs
• LOG Options
• Re-Route LOGs
• Jump Targets
• Chain Jumping
• GoTo Chains
• Meta Selectors

Debian 12x Administration

• Features
• Download
• Graphical Install
• Text Install
• Post-Install Tweaks

• Explore usage of the following useful commands
• tty | /dev/pts | w | whoami | who
• set | env | export | unset
• cat | echo | touch | rm
• pwd | ls | cd | mkdir | alias | umask
• head | tail
• dd
• find
• history
• STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR, UNIX Pipes, Redirection, Command Chaining
• ps, df, free, top, dd
• stat, which, w, who
• tar | gzip | bzip2 | xz
• ZSH Setup

• Network Tools | IP Configuration
• Examine default IP configuration
• Extend IP configuration to facilitate additional addresses
• Static IP Config
• Dual: Dynamic | Static Config
• Multiple Interfaces
• Dual Network Services
• Confirm communications

PHP One-Liners

• General Usage
• Count Lines
• Word Count
• Count Chars
• Split Lines into ARRAY
• Count Instances of Fields
• Transform Delimiters
• Anonymize LOGs
• Extract Unique SRCs
• Lines by Error Code
• LOG By Code
• Summarize Error Codes
• Pre-Seed Error Codes
• Random Strings
• Varied Passwords
• Expose Undefined Passwords
• Outdated Passwords
• Hash | Un-Hash

Cloud Storage with GlusterFS

• Discuss Features:
• Default Volume Type
• Common Volume Types
• Transport Types
• File System Support
• Storage Model

• Features
• Provision Storage
• Allocate GlusterFS Brick
• Persistence
• Generate IO
• Multiple File Systems
• Various Sizes
• Stop | Remove Volume
• Reconstitute Volume
• Server Mount
• Evaluate

OpenPGP with GPG

• Discuss Features:
• Primary Tool
• Private | Public Keys
• Public Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS)
• Encryption | Decryption
• Signing | Verification

• Features
• General Usage
• Create Content
• Encrypt
• PassPhrase Protect
• Binary | Text Encryption
• Share
• Decrypt

SSL-TLS with OpenSSL

• Discuss Features:
• Primary Tool
• Private | Public Keys
• Certificate Signing Requests (CSRs)
• Self-Signed Certificates
• Public Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS)
• Encryption | Decryption
• Random String Generation
• Message Digests
• SSL-TLS Client

• Features
• General Usage
• Retrieve Site Certificates
• Determine OCSP Configuration
• Probe supported TLS Versions
• Extract Certificate for local usage
• Retrieve Certificate with NMap
• Retrieve Certificate Chain

• Discuss
• Generate Private Keys
• Generate Correlating CSRs
• Confirm Keys | CSRs
• Self-Signed Certificates

SSH Variables

• Discuss Features
• Bare VARs
• SSH Client
• Double Quotes
• Single Quotes
• SSH Environment

SHELL Variables

• Discuss Features
• Terminal (TTY)
• CLI Arguments
• Process ID
• Backgrounded
• SHELL Local
• Environment
• Persistence
• Aliases
• Command Substitution
• Increment | Decrement
• Dynamism